منابع مشابه
To P or not to P: that is the question.
In 1993 Eugene Harris, a well-known biostatistician at the NIH, wrote an editorial for Clinical Chemistry regarding the use of P values vs confidence intervals in the evaluation of scientific data (1 ). This has long been a contentious topic in the scientific world and one with which each new generation of scientists has had to grapple on the basis of arguments advanced for the use of various s...
متن کاملHow not to interpret a P value?
In a recent News article, Beckman (1) discussed possible Bayesian approaches to the analysis of clinical trial data and contrasted these with the more standard frequentist approach. In debating the relative merits of different analytic approaches, it seems important to clarify the nature of the question that the scientist is asking. The scientist generally formulates a hypothesis, and the quest...
متن کاملP-value: What is and what is not
The misinterpretation and misuse of p-value have been increasing for decades. In March 2016, the American Statistical Association released a statement to warn about the use and interpretation of p-value. In this study, we provided a definition and discussion of p-value and emphasized the importance of its accurate interpretation.
متن کاملP not equal to NP
Let G(V,E) be a graph with vertex set V and edge set E, and let X be either V or E (not both). Let Π be a search problem with input X and solution Y , where Y ⊆ X. Let Y ′ denote a sub-solution of Π. That is, Y ′ is a solution of Π when the input is X ′, the vertex set or edge set of some minor of G. Consider the set system (X, I), where I denotes the family of all sub-solutions of Π. We prove ...
متن کاملQuasi p- or not quasi p-? That is the Question
The question might not be as profound as Shakespeare’s, but nevertheless, it is interesting. Because few people seem to be aware of quasi p-groups, we will begin with a bit of history and a definition; and then we will determine for each group of order less than 24 (and a few others) whether the group is a quasi p-group for some prime p or not. This paper is a prequel to [Hwd]. In [Hwd] we prov...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the American College of Radiology
سال: 2021
ISSN: 1546-1440
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2021.03.014